A terpene with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities; reduces increases in MMP-3, MMP-9, COX-2, iNOS, and p65 NF-κB levels in IL-1β-stimulated primary rat chondrocytes at 10 µg/ml; reduces IL-1β-induced production of MDA and increases levels of SOD, catalase, and GPX in primary rat chondrocytes at 10 and 20 µg/ml; reduces hind paw volume, serum levels of MDA, TNF-α, and IL-6, and cartilage erosion in a rat model of CFA-induced osteoarthritis at 25 and 50 mg/kg